Tsarin Ma'aunin Ruwa na HDPE Mai Kare Ruwa na HDPE Geomembrane

Gabatarwar Samfuri

The membrane mai hana ruwa na HDPE Yana aiki a matsayin shinge ga aikace-aikacen tushe, yana amfani da fim ɗin polyethylene mai yawan yawa a matsayin babban Layer don hana shigar ruwa cikin gine-ginen siminti. Wannan membrane ya haɗa da fim ɗin polymer mai mannewa, shafi mai jure yanayi, da kuma Layer keɓewa da aka shafa wa babban ɓangaren hana ruwa shiga. Don shigarwa, an ajiye tef ɗin gefe mai faɗin 80mm ko tef ɗin gefe mai faɗin 100mm a gefen dogon na'urar.

An ƙera shi a masana'antar membrane mai hana ruwa shiga ta hdpe, ƙirar ta haɗa da wani fim mai mannewa da kuma wani Layer mai kariya daga canjin muhalli wanda ke ba da damar warkar da kansa. Bayan an mayar da martani da kuma ƙarfafawa da siminti mai ruwa, waɗannan layukan suna ƙirƙirar haɗin kai mara matsala tsakanin membrane mai hana ruwa shiga da tsarin siminti, wanda ke rage haɗarin ɓullar ruwa a tsakanin layukan kuma yana tallafawa amincin tsarin hana ruwa shiga gaba ɗaya.

Ana amfani da shi sosai a ginshiƙai, bangon da ke riƙe da shi, da wuraren ajiye motoci na ƙarƙashin ƙasa, takardar membrane ta hdpe yawanci ana sanya ta a waje don iyakance motsin ruwan ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Yana da juriya ga UV, ba ya lalacewa, kuma yana da juriya ga lalacewa daga kwari ko beraye, wanda hakan ya sa ya dace da ayyukan kasuwanci da na zama.

Duk da cewa an fi mai da hankali kan hana ruwa shiga tushe, ana daidaita kayan aiki iri ɗaya kamar membrane na rufin hdpe don amfani a saman wasu yanayi na gini.

Takamaiman bayanai da ake da su sun haɗa da kauri na 1.2mm, 1.5mm, ko 1.7mm, tare da tsawon mitoci 20 da faɗin mita 1.2 ko 2.0m.

Bayanin Samfuri

Fasallolin Samfura

• Kyakkyawan tasirin hana haɗin kai: Famfon hdpe yana samar da haɗin kai na dindindin tare da layin simintin da aka zubar bayan an zuba shi. Daidaito da nakasa na layin tushe ba sa shafar aikin hana ruwa shiga, wanda ke inganta amincin layin hana ruwa shiga.
• Kyakkyawan aikin hana zubar ruwa: Yana hana danshi shiga cikin gibin da ke tsakanin na'urar da tsarin, yana hana kwararar ruwa da zubewa na dogon lokaci.
• Ƙarfin ikon warkar da kai: Wannan harsashin hana ruwa na tushe yana da ikon warkar da kansa na musamman don ƙananan lalacewar gini kuma baya buƙatar ƙarin kariya. Ana iya zuba shi kai tsaye a cikin simintin da aka ƙarfafa.
• Ƙarfin juriyar lalata sinadarai: Yana ba da juriya mai kyau ga ruwan alkaline daga siminti, sharar gida da lalacewar halittu ba ya shafar shi, kuma yana tsayayya da mold da tsatsa.
• Gine-gine masu dacewa: Ana iya yin gini a duk shekara, kuma kammala ginin ba ya shafar ci gaban da aka saba samu a ginin da ke tafe.
• Kore da kuma mai da hankali kan muhalli: Ginawar sanyi ba ta da haɗarin dumamawa, ba ta buƙatar mannewa, kuma ba ta gurɓata ingancin ruwa.

Aiki

Gine-gine / Aikace-aikace

Shigar da membrane na hdpe yana bin takamaiman hanyoyin dangane da nau'in saman:

• Gina jirgin sama: Tsaftace layin tushe → yiwa layin tushe alama → sanya birgima masu hana mannewa da aka riga aka shimfida → maganin da ke haɗuwa → cikakken maganin kumburi → sandunan ƙarfe masu ɗaure → siminti mai zuba.
• Gine-gine a tsaye: Shigar da tallafin fuska → layin karyewa a tushe → shimfiɗa birgima mai hana mannewa da aka riga aka shimfida → gyara birgima ta hanyar injiniya → maganin overlap → maganin node detail → ɗaure sandunan ƙarfe → zuba siminti.
• Gina baka a ramin rami: Bakin rami → layin matsewa na tushe → tallafin shigarwa → shimfiɗa birgima mai hana mannewa da aka riga aka shimfida → birgima mai gyara inji → maganin da ke haɗuwa → cikakken maganin kumburi → sandunan ƙarfe masu ɗaure → siminti mai zuba.

An tsara wannan aikace-aikacen hana ruwa na membrane na hdpe don membrane na hdpe don siminti a cikin ayyukan hana ruwa da hana zubewa a cikin gine-gine daban-daban na ƙarƙashin ƙasa, kogo, ramuka, jiragen ƙasa na ƙarƙashin ƙasa, ginin birni, da sauransu.

Kwatanta da Sauran Kayan Aikin Kare Ruwa

Matattarar Hana Ruwa ta HDPE mai ɗaukar nauyin fim ɗin HDPE tana ba da halaye na aiki daban-daban idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin da aka saba amfani da su kamar membranes na tushen bitumen, membranes na PVC, da kuma rufin hana ruwa na gargajiya na siminti. A ƙasa akwai bincike na gefe-gefe na zahiri bisa ga manyan alamun fasaha da kaddarorin aiki.

Manyan Maɓallan Maɓallin Hana Ruwa na Fim ɗinmu na HDPE Mai Mannewa:

• Cikakken mannewa ga siminti: Yana samun ƙarfin bawon ≥1.0 N/mm koda bayan nutsewa, tsufar UV, da tsufar zafi — wani fasali da ba a samu a tsarin bitumen ko PVC ba.
• Babu haɗarin tashar tashoshiAn tabbatar da matsin lamba na hydrostatic na 0.8 MPa na tsawon awanni 4 ba tare da kwararar ruwa tsakanin membrane da substrate ba.
• Gaskiya warkar da kai: Ƙaramin lalacewa yayin zubar da siminti yana rufewa ta hanyar amsawa da siminti mai danshi - yana kawar da buƙatar gyara faci.
• Shigarwa mai sanyi: Babu harshen wuta, babu sinadarai masu narkewa, lafiyayye ne ga wurare masu iyaka da kuma amfani da membrane na hdpe na tsawon shekara.
• Kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci: Yana riƙe ≥90% mai ƙarfi da kuma tsawaita ≥80% bayan awanni 168 a tsufan zafi na 70°C.

Duk da cewa membrane na bitumen yana da inganci wajen yin rufin gida, kuma PVC tana ba da sassauci a aikace-aikacen da aka fallasa, tsarin manne na HDPE ɗinmu yana ba da ingantaccen aminci a cikin shigarwar membrane na hdpe mai ƙarancin inganci inda tsaftacewar ruwa ta dindindin ba tare da kulawa ba take da mahimmanci.

Kwatanta da Membranes na EPDM

Famfon HDPE masu hana ruwa shiga da kuma membrane na EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer) suna aiki ne a matsayin masu haɗaka amma kuma suna da matsayi daban-daban wajen hana ruwa shiga. EPDM wani takarda ne na roba da ake amfani da shi sosai don rufin gida da wasu aikace-aikacen da ba su kai matakin da ake buƙata ba. Teburin da ke ƙasa yana kwatanta su ta amfani da bayanan aiki da aka tabbatar da su da kuma ƙa'idodi masu amfani.

Muhimman Abubuwan da ake buƙata don membrane na HDPE don siminti:

• Lamuni na dindindin: Famfon HDPE ɗinmu yana haɗuwa da simintin da aka zuba ta hanyar sinadarai (≥1.0 N/mm ƙarfin barewar koda bayan nutsewa/tsufa). EPDM ya dogara ne akan zagayawa na inji ko manne waɗanda zasu iya tura ruwa idan ya lalace.
• Babu kulawa a ƙasa da matakin: Warkar da kai + cikakken mannewa yana kawar da hanyoyin zubewa da aka saba gani a cikin gazawar dinkin EPDM.
• Shigarwa na membrane mai sanyi hdpe: Babu harshen wuta ko abubuwan da ke narkewa a buɗe - mafi aminci da sauri a wurare masu tsauri idan aka kwatanta da manne na EPDM ko ɗinkin da aka haɗa da zafi.
• Ba a iya musanya shi baEPDM ta yi fice a rufin da aka fallasa; tsarin HDPE ɗinmu an ƙera shi musamman don amfani da hana ruwa a membrane na hdpe a cikin tushen da aka binne da kuma wuraren rami.

Ga tsarin siminti na ƙarƙashin ƙasa, membrane mai mannewa na HDPE yana ba da ingantaccen kariya daga ruwa fiye da EPDM.

Nazarin Lamarin Duniya Na Gaske: Manne Mai Kai Na HDPE da Matattarar Ruwa Mai Rage Ruwa ta EPDM

Dangane da ayyukan da aka rubuta a cikin ayyukan hana ruwa a ƙarƙashin ƙasa da tushe, membranes masu mannewa na HDPE suna nuna ƙarfi a cikin aikace-aikacen da aka riga aka yi amfani da su, waɗanda ba su da inganci inda haɗin sinadarai da siminti ke da mahimmanci, kamar ramuka da ginshiƙai masu yawan hydrostatic. A akasin haka, membranes na EPDM sun yi fice a cikin yanayi masu sassauƙa, bayan an yi amfani da su kamar tushe da ginshiƙai da aka fallasa tare da motsi na ƙasa mai canzawa. A ƙasa akwai zaɓaɓɓun nazarin shari'o'i waɗanda ke nuna amfaninsu, sakamakonsu, da fahimtar kwatancen.

Nazarin Manne Mai Kai na HDPE

• Tankin Jirgin Ƙasa na Cut-and-Cover, Seattle, Amurka (Aikin Fadada Jirgin Ƙasa Mai Sauƙi, ~2010s) A cikin wani sashe na rami mai zurfin ƙafa 20 don tsarin layin dogo mai sauƙi, 'yan kwangila sun yi amfani da membrane mai mannewa na HDPE mai tsawon mil 60 wanda aka haɗa tsakanin wani ruwa mai feshi da fim ɗin HDPE na waje. Tsarin ya jure matsin lamba na hydrostatic na ƙafa 20+ yayin haƙa da cikawa, tare da cunkoson gini mai yawa a kan rufin. Sa ido bayan shigarwa ya nuna babu ƙaura ruwa bayan shekaru 5, wanda aka danganta da mannewar membrane gaba ɗaya ga siminti, wanda ya hana shiga a wuraren haɗuwa. Wannan saitin ya rage haɗarin zubewa idan aka kwatanta da tsarin gargajiya da aka yi amfani da tocila, wanda ya ba da damar saurin zubarwa.
• Raminan Amfani da Katanga, Gidajen Gidaje, Indiya (Ayyuka Da Yawa Ta Hanyar Gilashin Highbond, 2020s) An riga an shafa membrane mai mannewa na BondProof Pre HDPE (kauri 1.5–2.0 mm) a kan faranti da bango a cikin gine-ginen ƙasa masu ƙarancin haɗari, gami da ramukan amfani da jama'a da ginshiƙan gidaje. A cikin wani aikin ginshiki mai girman murabba'in mita 10,000, membrane ɗin ya haɗu ba tare da matsala ba yayin zubar da siminti, yana kawar da gurɓatattun layukan. Bayan shekaru 3, bincike ya tabbatar da cewa babu wani zubewa a ƙarƙashin damina na yanayi, tare da layin yashi mai amsawa yana ƙara juriyar hudawa yayin cika bayan gida. Ya dace da hulɗa kai tsaye da siminti, ya guji ƙarin mannewa, yana rage aiki kafin 20%.
• Tankunan Hanya da Layin Jirgin Kasa, Tsibirin Canary, Spain (Nazarin Ruwa da Ruwa Mai Rage Ruwa, 2000-2010s) An sanya geomembranes na HDPE (1.5 mm) a cikin ramukan ruwa da na hanya, gami da ramin da ke kusa da ma'ajiyar ruwa ta "San Isidro". Fiye da shekaru 9, kayan sun kasance suna riƙe da riƙewar ≥90% a ƙarƙashin fallasa ga ruwan ƙasa mai alkaline, suna yin aiki fiye da PVC a tsayi (≥400%) da kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai. Babu tsagewa ko toshewar da ta faru a lokacin da aka haɗa su, ko da a wuraren shiga mai yawan UV kafin a yi layi, wanda ke tallafawa dorewar dogon lokaci (shekaru 50+) a cikin yanayin da aka binne.

Nazarin Shari'ar Membrane ta EPDM

• Tankin ƙasa don ɗakunan ruwan inabi da gine-ginen kasuwanci, Faransa (Ayyukan Flexirub, 2010s–2020s) An yi amfani da zanen gado na EPDM na musamman na 3D (har zuwa kauri mm 2) don yin amfani da bangon tushe marasa tsari a cikin ɗakunan ajiya na giya da ginshiƙai masu hawa da yawa. A cikin gyaran ginshiƙin kasuwanci mai girman murabba'in mita 5,000, an ɗaure membrane ɗin ta hanyar injiniya kuma an rufe shi (mafi ƙarancin mm 100), yana kula da canjin ƙasa daga haƙa ramin da ke kusa. Bayan shekaru 7, ya hana shigar da danshi 100%, tare da sassaucin da ke ɗaukar lanƙwasa bango na 5-10% ba tare da yagewa ba. Juriyar UV ɗinsa ta ba da damar fallasawa na ɗan lokaci yayin shigarwa na lokaci-lokaci, ba kamar HDPE ba wanda ke buƙatar rufewa nan take.
• Ajiye Motoci a Ƙarƙashin Ƙasa da kuma Kare Ruwa daga Tushe, Indiya (Install Polygomma EPDM, 2012–2025) An yi amfani da rufin roba na EPDM (1.2–1.5 mm) a ginshiƙai da kuma faranti a cikin manyan gine-gine, inda aka maye gurbin tsarin tayal na Shahbad mai nau'in akwati. Aikin garejin ajiye motoci mai fadin murabba'in mita 15,000 ya yi amfani da zanen EPDM da aka manne gaba ɗaya, an ɗinka shi da manne mai alaƙa. Gwaje-gwajen bayan ruwan sama (shekaru 2-4 a cikin shekara) sun nuna babu wani zubewa a ƙarƙashin kan hydrostatic na mita 10, tare da tsawaita tsawon kayan 300–500% wanda ke ɗaukar fasawar wurin zama. An lura da tanadin kuɗi na 15–20% akan rufin kristal, kodayake an buƙaci ci gaba da duba su.
• Tsarin Gine-gine na Duniya da Tsarin Gidaje, Shafuka daban-daban (Elevate RubberGard EPDM, Mai Ci gaba) An yi amfani da RubberGard EPDM (1.5 mm) a kan dubban ginshiƙai a duk faɗin duniya, gami da gyaran da aka yi wa wani gidan otal na Turai. A cikin wani aikin bango mai faɗin murabba'in mita 8,000, zanen gado mai sassauƙa tare da angarorin injina an sarrafa su da ruwan ƙarƙashin ƙasa mai canzawa. Bayanan shekaru biyar sun nuna ƙarancin gazawar <1% sakamakon hudawa, godiya ga ƙarfin tsagewa mai yawa, amma ƙaramin hanyar dinki ya faru a cikin 5% na lokuta ba tare da walƙiya mai kyau ba - wanda ke nuna buƙatar mannewa a cikin ƙasa mai yawan motsi.

Fahimtar Kwatantawa daga Ayyuka

A cikin binciken Canary Islands, HDPE ya nuna tsufa mai kyau (≥80% riƙewa bayan shekaru 9) a cikin ramukan da aka binne idan aka kwatanta da mafi kyawun lanƙwasa mai ƙarancin zafin jiki na EPDM (-45°C idan aka kwatanta da HDPE's -25°C), amma haɗin EPDM ya fi saurin ƙaura a cikin tushe. Tsarin HDPE na Seattle ya guji dogaro da manne na EPDM, yana rage lokacin shigarwa da 25% a cikin wurare masu iyaka. Don shigar da membrane na hdpe a cikin ramuka masu nauyi na siminti, haɗin warkar da kansa na HDPE yana rage haɗarin dogon lokaci; EPDM ya dace da amfani da hana ruwa na membrane na hdpe a cikin ginshiki masu sassauƙa amma yana buƙatar kulawa da dinki mai kyau. Dukansu suna samun tsawon rai na shekaru 30-50 lokacin da aka kare su, tare da HDPE yana ƙaruwa a cikin juriya ga sinadarai don muhallin alkaline.

Sharhin Abokan Ciniki

John M., Injiniyan Gine-gine – Toronto, Kanada "Mun yi amfani da membrane mai mannewa na HDPE mai girman mm 1.5 a kan harsashin ginin gidaje mai fadin murabba'in ƙafa 12,000. Naɗin da aka riga aka shimfiɗa ya haɗu sosai yayin zubar da siminti kuma ya riƙe ƙasa da mita 8 na kan ruwan ƙasa bayan hunturu ɗaya. Babu wata matsala ta ɓuɓɓuga ko dinki da aka gani zuwa yanzu. Shigarwa ta kasance cikin sauƙi a yanayin -5°C."

Maria S., Manajan Ayyuka - São Paulo, Brazil "Na yi amfani da sigar 2.0 mm a bangon tsaye na garejin ajiye motoci na ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Maƙallan gyara na injina da tef ɗin da aka yi amfani da shi sun sa komai ya kasance a wurin kafin a ɗaure sandar. Bayan watanni 18 da yanayi mai zafi na ruwan sama, gwaje-gwajen hydrostatic sun nuna babu ƙaura ruwa tsakanin membrane da siminti."

Ahmed K., Dan kwangila – Dubai, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa "An ƙayyade membrane mai girman mm 1.2 don harsashin gida mai ƙarancin hawa a cikin ƙasa mai yashi. Amfani da sanyin ya cece mu daga tocila yana ba da damar zafi a zafin digiri 40 na Celsius. An rufe ƙaramin huda daga sandar rebar bayan an zuba siminti. Abokin ciniki ya ba da rahoton busasshen ginshiki bayan bazara ta farko."

Li Wei, Mai Kula da Yanar Gizo - Shanghai, China "An yi amfani da birgima mai tsawon mm 1.5 a kan sashin bangon diaphragm na tashar jirgin ƙasa. Tsarin tallafi na layin da aka ɗauka da kuma tsarin facade ya ci gaba da daidaita daidaito. Gwaje-gwajen bawon bayan zubar da ruwa sun kai N1.0/mm a cikin samfuran. Ba a lura da hanyar shiga ba bayan watanni 6 na aikin rami."

Elena R., Ƙwararren Mai Rage Ruwa – Madrid, Spain "An sanya shi a kan wani babban ramin gyaran fuska. Tsarin warkar da kansa ya yi aiki da ƙananan ƙananan kusoshi daga aikin tsari ba tare da ƙarin faci ba. Bayanan tsufa na zafi sun dace da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na dakin gwaje-gwaje bayan shekara guda da aka yi aiki. An gwada walda mai rufewa da ƙarfi a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba 0.6 MPa."

Game da Masana'antarmu

Kamfanin Great Ocean Waterproof Technology Co., Ltd. (wanda a da ake kira Weifang Great Ocean New Waterproof Materials Co., Ltd.) yana cikin Garin Taitou, Birnin Shouguang - zuciyar cibiyar samar da kayan hana ruwa mafi girma a China. An kafa kamfanin a shekarar 1999, kuma yana aiki a matsayin babban kamfani mai fasaha wanda ya haɗa da bincike, samarwa, da kuma tallace-tallacen hanyoyin hana ruwa na ƙwararru.

Masana'antar tana da fadin murabba'in mita 26,000 kuma tana gudanar da layukan samarwa na zamani da yawa don naɗe-naɗe, zanen gado, da kuma shafa. Kayan aiki masu mahimmanci suna tallafawa fitar da membranes masu hana ruwa na HDPE akai-akai tare da sauran tsarin, gami da PVC, TPO, CPE, bitumen da aka gyara da polymer, da rufin polyurethane.

Ma'aikatan fasaha suna kula da ingancin kayan aiki ta amfani da dakunan gwaje-gwaje masu cikakken kayan aiki. Duk kayayyaki, gami da HDPE Waterproofing Membrane Foundation, sun cika ƙa'idodin ƙasa kuma suna da takaddun shaida kamar Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Cikakken Tsarin Gudanar da Inganci, takardar shaidar tsarin ingancin ISO, da lasisin samfuran masana'antu na lardin Shandong.

Ana samar da kayayyaki zuwa larduna sama da 20 a faɗin ƙasar Sin kuma ana fitar da su zuwa kasuwannin duniya da dama, tare da tarihin ingancin kwangila da kuma ingantaccen aikin filin.